criticalVulnerability

CVE-2026-71868

### Summary Orval's zod schema generation emits the **enum-typed** `default` value as a module-level template literal (`export const …Default = `<default>`;`) without escaping `${` or the backtick. A default of the form `v${<code>}w` injects a live JavaScript expression evaluated when the generated zod schema module is imported, executing attacker-controlled code at import — no request or function call needed. Verified on Orval 8.19.0; survives default OpenAPI validation. ### Details ```ts export const …Default = `v${globalThis.ORVPWN()}w`; // ${...} = arbitrary JS expression, runs at import ``` Malicious input: an enum-typed property with a `default` of `v${<attacker JS>}w`. `${...}` permits any JS expression. Note: this is one of several `default`-bearing positions that reach the same unescaped zod template-literal sink; a single fix (escape `default` values) closes all of them, and a CNA may choose to consolidate the related reports. ### PoC `reproduce.sh` (+ `make_spec.py`) attached: generates the zod schema with default validation, bundles it, imports it, and shows a marker written at import. Verified on 8.19.0. ### Impact Code execution at import in any application that imports a zod schema module generated from an attacker-controlled or attacker-influenced OpenAPI description. ### Suggested fix Emit `default` values via a proper string-literal encoder (JSON.stringify, or escape backtick and `${` if a template literal must be used); never interpolate a spec value into a template literal. Apply to every `default` position.

Properties

ghsa_id
GHSA-3575-w9fc-c2j6
severity
critical
summary
Orval: Import-time RCE via enum-typed default -> zod module-level template literal
epss_score
0.00478
cve_id
CVE-2026-71868
is_ghsa_only
false
ghsa_published
2026-09-03T18:20:55Z
source_url
https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-3575-w9fc-c2j6
epss_percentile
0.39527
ghsa_updated
2026-09-03T18:20:56Z

Related Entities (6)

ENRICHED_BY (1)

[Source]FIRST EPSS

VULNERABLE_TO (1)

[Software]npm/orval

AFFECTS (1)

[Software]npm/orval

HAS_WEAKNESS (2)

[Weakness]Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
[Weakness]Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine

REPORTED_BY (1)

[Source]GitHub Advisory Database

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CVE-2026-71868 — Ninja Signal Threat Intelligence | Ninja Signal