Threat Actor

Sandworm Team

Sandworm Team is a destructive threat group that has been attributed to Russia's General Staff Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU) Main Center for Special Technologies (GTsST) military unit 74455. This group has been active since at least 2009. In October 2020, the US indicted six GRU Unit 74455 officers associated with Sandworm Team for the following cyber operations: the 2015 and 2016 attacks against Ukrainian electrical companies and government organizations, the 2017 worldwide NotPetya attack, targeting of the 2017 French presidential campaign, the 2018 Olympic Destroyer attack against the Winter Olympic Games, the 2018 operation against the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, and attacks against the country of Georgia in 2018 and 2019. Some of these were conducted with the assistance of GRU Unit 26165, which is also referred to as APT28.

79
Techniques
27
Software
3
Attributed campaigns
0
indicators on this record

Properties

Last source
MITRE ATT&CK
STIX ID
intrusion-set--381fcf73-60f6-4ab2-9991-6af3cbc35192
In Signal since
initial import (Sep 2026)
Retrieved at
2026-11-02T12:53:29+00:00
Origin source
attack_description
Type
intrusion-set
Origin country
RU

MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (showing 30 of 79)

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Acquire Infrastructure (T1583)

Adversaries may buy, lease, rent, or obtain infrastructure that can be used during targeting. A wide variety of infrastructure exists for hosting and

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Bidirectional Communication (T1102.002)

Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service as a means for sending commands to and receiving output from a compromised system ove

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Botnet (T1584.005)

Adversaries may compromise numerous third-party systems to form a botnet that can be used during targeting. A botnet is a network of compromised syste

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Business Relationships (T1591.002)

Adversaries may gather information about the victim's business relationships that can be used during targeting. Information about an organization’s bu

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Command Obfuscation (T1027.010)

Adversaries may obfuscate content during command execution to impede detection. Command-line obfuscation is a method of making strings and patterns wi

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Compromise Software Supply Chain (T1195.002)

Adversaries may manipulate application software prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise. Supply chain compro

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Credentials from Web Browsers (T1555.003)

Adversaries may acquire credentials from web browsers by reading files specific to the target browser. Web bro

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Data Destruction (T1485)

Adversaries may destroy data and files on specific systems or in large numbers on a network to interrupt availability to systems, services, and networ

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Data Encrypted for Impact (T1486)

Adversaries may encrypt data on target systems or on large numbers of systems in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources.

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Data from Local System (T1005)

Adversaries may search local system sources, such as file systems, configuration files, local databases, virtual machine files, or process memory, to

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Databases (T1213.006)

Adversaries may leverage databases to mine valuable information. These databases may be hosted on-premises or in the cloud (both in platform-as-a-serv

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Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information (T1140)

Adversaries may use Obfuscated Files or Information to hide artifacts of an intrusion from analysis. They

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Disk Structure Wipe (T1561.002)

Adversaries may corrupt or wipe the disk data structures on a hard drive necessary to boot a system; targeting specific critical systems or in large n

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Domain Account (T1087.002)

Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of domain accounts. This information can help adversaries determine which domain accounts exist to aid in fol

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Domain Accounts (T1078.002)

Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a domain account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense E

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Domain Properties (T1590.001)

Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network domain(s) that can be used during targeting. Information about domains and their propert

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Domains (T1583.001)

Adversaries may acquire domains that can be used during targeting. Domain names are the human readable names used to represent one or more IP addresse

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Email Account (T1087.003)

Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of email addresses and accounts. Adversaries may try to dump Exchange address lists such as global address li

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Email Accounts (T1585.002)

Adversaries may create email accounts that can be used during targeting. Adversaries can use accounts created with email providers to further their op

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Email Addresses (T1589.002)

Adversaries may gather email addresses that can be used during targeting. Even if internal instances exist, organizations may have public-facing email

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Employee Names (T1589.003)

Adversaries may gather employee names that can be used during targeting. Employee names be used to derive email addresses as well as to help guide oth

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Endpoint Denial of Service (T1499)

Adversaries may perform Endpoint Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of services to users. Endpoint DoS can be perfor

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Exfiltration Over C2 Channel (T1041)

Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an existing command and control channel. Stolen data is encoded into the normal communications chan

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Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190)

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network. The weakness in the system can be a

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Exploitation for Client Execution (T1203)

Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code. Vulnerabilities can exist in software due to unsecure coding

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External Defacement (T1491.002)

An adversary may deface systems external to an organization in an attempt to deliver messaging, intimidate, or otherwise mislead an organization or us

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External Remote Services (T1133)

Adversaries may leverage external-facing remote services to initially access and/or persist within a network. Remote services such as VPNs, Citrix, an

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File Deletion (T1070.004)

Adversaries may delete files left behind by the actions of their intrusion activity. Malware, tools, or other non-native files dropped or created on a

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File and Directory Discovery (T1083)

Adversaries may enumerate files and directories or may search in specific locations of a host or network share for certain information within a file s

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Ingress Tool Transfer (T1105)

Adversaries may transfer tools or other files from an external system into a compromised environment. Tools or files may be copied from an external ad

Software & Tools (27)

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AcidPour [malware]

AcidPour is a variant of AcidRain designed to impact a wider ran

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AcidRain [malware]

AcidRain is an ELF binary targeting modems and routers using MIPS architecture.(Citation: AcidRain JAGS 202

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Bad Rabbit [malware]

Bad Rabbit is a self-propagating ransomware that affected the Ukrainian transportation sector in 2017. [Bad

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BlackEnergy [malware]

BlackEnergy is a malware toolkit that has been used by both criminal and APT actors. It dates back to at le

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Cobalt Strike [tool]

Cobalt Strike is a commercial, full-featured, remote access tool that bills itself as “adversary simulation

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Cyclops Blink [malware]

Cyclops Blink is a modular malware that has been used in widespread campaigns by [Sandworm Team](https://at

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Empire [tool]

Empire is an open-source, cross-platform remote administration and post-exploitation framework that is publ

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Exaramel for Linux [malware]

Exaramel for Linux is a backdoor written in the Go Programming Language and compiled as a 64-bit ELF binary

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Exaramel for Windows [malware]

Exaramel for Windows is a backdoor used for targeting Windows systems. The Linux version is tracked separat

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GreyEnergy [malware]

GreyEnergy is a backdoor written in C and compiled in Visual Studio. [GreyEnergy](https://attack.mitre.org/

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Impacket [tool]

Impacket is an open source collection of modules written in Python for programmatically constructing and ma

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Industroyer [malware]

Industroyer is a sophisticated malware framework designed to cause an impact to the working processes of In

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Industroyer2 [malware]

Industroyer2 is a compiled and static piece of malware that has the ability to communicate over the IEC-104

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Invoke-PSImage [tool]

Invoke-PSImage takes a PowerShell script and embeds the bytes of the script into the pixels of a PNG image.

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Kapeka [malware]

Kapeka is a backdoor written in C++ used against victims in Eastern Europe since at least mid-2022. Kapeka has technical overlaps with [Exaramel for W

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KillDisk [malware]

KillDisk is a disk-wiping tool designed to overwrite files with random data to render the OS unbootable. It

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MimiKatz [malware]

Mimikatz is a credential dumper capable of obtaining plaintext Windows account logins and passwords, along

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Neo-reGeorg [malware]

Neo-reGeorg is an open-source web shell designed as a restructuring of [reGeorg](https://attack.mitre.org/s

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Net [tool]

The Net utility is a component of the Windows operating system. It is used in command-line operations for c

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NotPetya [malware]

NotPetya is malware that was used by Sandworm Team in a worldwide

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Olympic Destroyer [malware]

Olympic Destroyer is malware that was used by Sandworm Team agains

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P.A.S. Webshell [malware]

P.A.S. Webshell is a publicly available multifunctional PHP webshell in use since at least 2016 that provid

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PoshC2 [tool]

PoshC2 is an open source remote administration and post-exploitation framework that is publicly available o

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Prestige [malware]

Prestige ransomware has been used by Sandworm Team since at least

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PsExec [tool]

PsExec is a free Microsoft tool that can be used to execute a program on another computer. It is used by IT

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SDelete [tool]

SDelete is an application that securely deletes data in a way that makes it unrecoverable. It is part of th

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VPNFilter [malware]

VPNFilter is a multi-stage, modular platform with versatile capabilities to support both intelligence-colle

Attributed campaigns (3)

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2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack

2015 Ukraine Electric Power Attack was a Sandworm Team campaign d

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2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack

2016 Ukraine Electric Power Attack was a Sandworm Team campaign d

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2022 Ukraine Electric Power Attack

The 2022 Ukraine Electric Power Attack was a Sandworm Team campai

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