Threat Actor

Medusa Group

Also known as: Medusa Group

Medusa Group has been active since at least 2021 and was initially operated as a closed ransomware group before evolving into a Ransomware-as-a-Service (RaaS) operation. Some reporting indicates that certain attacks may still be conducted directly by the ransomware’s core developers. Public sources have also referred to the group as “Spearwing” or “Medusa Actors.” Medusa Group employs living-off-the-land techniques, frequently leveraging publicly available tools and common remote management software to conduct operations. The group engages in double extortion tactics, exfiltrating data prior to encryption and threatening to publish stolen information if ransom demands are not met. For initial access, Medusa Group has exploited publicly known vulnerabilities, conducted phishing campaigns, and used credentials or access purchased from Initial Access Brokers (IABs). The group is opportunistic and has targeted a wide range of sectors globally.

57
Techniques
5
Software
0
indicators on this record

Properties

Last source
MITRE ATT&CK
STIX ID
intrusion-set--918da025-04bd-48af-b6c4-f3e4d1b915eb
In Signal since
initial import (Sep 2026)
Retrieved at
2026-11-02T12:53:29+00:00
Type
intrusion-set

MITRE ATT&CK Techniques (showing 30 of 57)

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Acquire Access (T1650)

Adversaries may purchase or otherwise acquire an existing access to a target system or network. A variety of online services and initial access broker

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Asymmetric Cryptography (T1573.002)

Adversaries may employ a known asymmetric encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections

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Bypass User Account Control (T1548.002)

Adversaries may bypass UAC mechanisms to elevate process privileges on system. Windows User Account Control (UAC) allows a program to elevate its priv

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Clear Command History (T1070.003)

In addition to clearing system logs, an adversary may clear the command history of a compromised account to conceal the actions undertaken during an i

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Code Signing (T1553.002)

Adversaries may create, acquire, or steal code signing materials to sign their malware or tools. Code signing provides a level of authenticity on a bi

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Command Obfuscation (T1027.010)

Adversaries may obfuscate content during command execution to impede detection. Command-line obfuscation is a method of making strings and patterns wi

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Component Object Model (T1559.001)

Adversaries may use the Windows Component Object Model (COM) for local code execution. COM is an inter-process communication (IPC) component of the na

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Data Encrypted for Impact (T1486)

Adversaries may encrypt data on target systems or on large numbers of systems in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources.

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Device Driver Discovery (T1652)

Adversaries may attempt to enumerate local device drivers on a victim host. Information about device drivers may highlight various insights that shape

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Disable or Modify System Firewall (T1686)

Adversaries may disable or modify host-based or network firewalls to impair defensive mechanisms and enable further action. Once an adversary has gath

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Disable or Modify Tools (T1685)

Adversaries may disable, degrade, or tamper with security tools or applications (e.g., endpoint detection and response (EDR) tools, intrusion detectio

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Domain Account (T1136.002)

Adversaries may create a domain account to maintain access to victim systems. Domain accounts are those managed by Active Directory Domain Services wh

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Domain Groups (T1069.002)

Adversaries may attempt to find domain-level groups and permission settings. The knowledge of domain-level permission groups can help adversaries dete

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Email Accounts (T1585.002)

Adversaries may create email accounts that can be used during targeting. Adversaries can use accounts created with email providers to further their op

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Exfiltration to Cloud Storage (T1567.002)

Adversaries may exfiltrate data to a cloud storage service rather than over their primary command and control channel. Cloud storage services allow fo

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Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190)

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network. The weakness in the system can be a

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File Deletion (T1070.004)

Adversaries may delete files left behind by the actions of their intrusion activity. Malware, tools, or other non-native files dropped or created on a

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File and Directory Discovery (T1083)

Adversaries may enumerate files and directories or may search in specific locations of a host or network share for certain information within a file s

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Financial Theft (T1657)

Adversaries may steal monetary resources from targets through extortion, social engineering, technical theft, or other methods aimed at their own fina

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Hidden Window (T1564.003)

Adversaries may use hidden windows to conceal malicious activity from the plain sight of users. In some cases, windows that would typically be display

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Ingress Tool Transfer (T1105)

Adversaries may transfer tools or other files from an external system into a compromised environment. Tools or files may be copied from an external ad

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Inhibit System Recovery (T1490)

Adversaries may delete or remove built-in data and turn off services designed to aid in the recovery of a corrupted system to prevent recovery.(Citati

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LSASS Memory (T1003.001)

Adversaries may attempt to access credential material stored in the process memory of the Local Security Authority Subsystem Service (LSASS). After a

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Lateral Tool Transfer (T1570)

Adversaries may transfer tools or other files between systems in a compromised environment. Once brought into the victim environment (i.e., [Ingress T

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Local Account (T1087.001)

Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of local system accounts. This information can help adversaries determine which local accounts exist on a sys

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MMC (T1218.014)

Adversaries may abuse mmc.exe to proxy execution of malicious.msc files. Microsoft Management Console (MMC) is a binary that may be signed by Microso

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Modify Registry (T1112)

Adversaries may interact with the Windows Registry as part of a variety of other techniques to aid in defense evasion, persistence, and execution. Ac

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Multi-hop Proxy (T1090.003)

Adversaries may chain together multiple proxies to disguise the source of malicious traffic. Typically, a defender will be able to identify the last p

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NTDS (T1003.003)

Adversaries may attempt to access or create a copy of the Active Directory domain database in order to steal credential information, as well as obtain

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Native API (T1106)

Adversaries may interact with the native OS application programming interface (API) to execute behaviors. Native APIs provide a controlled means of ca

Software & Tools (5)

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Medusa Ransomware [malware]

Medusa Ransomware has been utilized in attacks since at least 2021. [Medusa Ransomware](https://attack.mitr

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MimiKatz [malware]

Mimikatz is a credential dumper capable of obtaining plaintext Windows account logins and passwords, along

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PsExec [tool]

PsExec is a free Microsoft tool that can be used to execute a program on another computer. It is used by IT

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Rclone [tool]

Rclone is a command line program for syncing files with cloud storage services such as Dropbox, Google Driv

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certutil [tool]

certutil is a command-line utility that can be used to obtain certificate authority information and configu

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